• Penggunaan Active dan Passive Voice pada Setiap Tenses

    Active Voice adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya melakukan pekerjaan (kalimat aktif).

    Sebaliknya, Passive Voice adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai pekerjaan oleh object kalimat (kalimat pasif).

    Active voice lebih sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dibandingkan dengan passive voice.

    Meskipun begitu, kita seringkali menemukan passive voice di beberapa surat kabar, artikel-artikel di majalah-majalah, dan tulisan-tulisan ilmiah.

    Passive voice digunakan karena object dari active voice merupakan informasi yang lebih penting dibandingkan dengan subject-nya.

    Active VoicePassive Voice
    We fertilize the soil every 6 monthsThe soil is fertilized by us every 6 months

    Dari kedua contoh diatas, dapat dilihat bahwa :
    • Object dari active voice (the soil) menjadi subject dari passive voice
    • Subject dari active voice (we) menjadi object dari passive voice
    • Terjadi perubahan dari subject pronoun 'We' menjadi object pronoun 'Us'
    • Verb 1 (fertilize) pada active voice menjadi verb 3 (fertilized) pada passive voice
    • Ditambahkannya be 'Is' di depan verb 3. Be yang digunakan adalah tergantung pada subject passive voice dan tenses yang digunakan. (Perhatikan pola-pola passive voice di bawah).
    • Ditambahkannya kata 'by' di belakang verb 3. Namun, jika object dari passive voice dianggap tidak penting atau tidak diketahui, maka object biasanya tidak dikemukakan dan begitu pula kata 'by'.

    Khusus untuk kalimat-kalimat progressive :
    Perlu menambahkan ‘being’ didepan verb 3.

    Kalau tidak ditambahkan "being", tensesnya akan berubah. Bukan progressive/continuous lagi.

    Berdasarkan keenam poin di atas maka passive voice mengikuti pola sebagai berikut :


    Subject + be + Verb3 + by + Object + modifier


    Pola Active dan Passive Voice pada Setiap Tenses


    Active Voice and Passive Voice
    Active and Passive Voice - Image Designed by Freepik

    1. Jika active voice dalam simple present tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah is, am atau are.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He meets them everydayThey are met by him everyday
    She waters this plant every two daysThis plant is watered by her every two days


    2. Jika active voice dalam simple past tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah was atau were.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He met them yesterdayThey were met by him yesterday
    She watered this plant this morningThis plant was watered by her this morning


    3. Jika active voice dalam present perfect tense, maka 'be' passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary has atau have, sehingga menjadi 'has been' atau 'have been'.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He has met themThey have been met by him
    She has watered this plant for 5 minutesThis plant has been watered by her for 5 minutes


    4. Jika active voice dalam past perfect tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary had, sehingga menjadi had been.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He had met them before I cameThey had been met by him before I came
    She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got hereThis plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes when I got here


    5. Jika active voice dalam simple future tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah be.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He will meet them tomorrowThey will be met by him tomorrow
    She will water this plant this afternoonThis plant will be watered by her this afternoon
    The farmers are going to harvest the crops next weekThe crops are going to be harvested by the farmers next week


    6. Jika active voice dalam future perfect tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary will have, sehingga menjadi ‘will have been’.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He will have met them before I get there tomorrowThey will have been met by him before I get there tomorrow
    She will have watered this plant before I get here this afternoonThis plant will have been watered by her before I get here this afternoon


    7. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary would have, sehingga menjadi ‘would have been’.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He would have met themThey would have been met by him
    She would have watered this plantThis plant would have been watered by her


    8. Jika active voice dalam present continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah (is, am atau are) + being.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He is meeting them nowThey are being met by him now
    She is watering this plant nowThis plant is being watered by her now


    9. Jika active voice dalam past continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah (was atau were) + being.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He was meeting themThey were being met by him
    She was watering this plantThis plant was being watered by her


    10. Jika active voice dalam perfect continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah (has/have) been + being.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He has been meeting themThey have been being met by him
    She has been watering this plantThis plant has been being watered by her


    11. Jika active voice dalam past perfect continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah had been + being.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He had been meeting themThey had been being met by him
    She had been watering this plantThis plant had been being watered by her


    12. Jika active voice dalam future continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah will be + being.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He will be meeting themThey will be being met by him
    She will be watering this plantThis plant will be being watered by her


    13. Jika active voice dalam past future continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah would be + being.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He would be meeting themThey would be being met by him
    She would be watering this plantThis plant would be being watered by her


    14. Jika active voice dalam future perfect continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah will have been + being.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He will have been meeting themThey will have been being met by him
    She will have been watering this plantThis plant will have been being watered by her


    15. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah would have been + being.
    Active VoicePassive Voice
    He would be meeting themThey would be being met by him
    She would be watering this plantThis plant would be being watered by her

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